FDA
FDA 21 CFR 1040.10 - Laser Product Performance Standards
Todd DunningMAUnited States
Optical Materials for Laser SystemsPublished
Dec 10, 2025
Granite Laser Cleaning
When laser cleaning granite surfaces in architectural restoration, we typically adjust the scan speed to match its dense and heat-resistant composition, which exposes underlying details without compromising the stone's structural integrity, so make sure to monitor for any subsurface heating buildup.
Laser-Material Interaction
Absorptivity
0.1
0.05
0.1
0.2
Absorption Coefficient
1e5
m⁻¹
5e4
1e5
2e5
Laser Damage Threshold
8
J/cm²
5
8
15
Thermal Shock Resistance
1.5
MW/m
1
1.5
3
Reflectivity
0.9
0.8
0.9
0.95
Thermal Destruction Point
1,500
K
1,400
1,500
1,600
Vapor Pressure
1
Pa
0.1
1
10
Thermal Destruction
773
K
273
773
2,300
Specific Heat
790
J/kg·K
400
790
1,200
Laser Reflectivity
0.35
0.03
0.35
0.44
Thermal Conductivity
2.8
W/m·K
0.2
2.8
8
Thermal Expansion
8e-6
K^{-1}
6e-6
8e-6
12
Laser Absorption
0.42
0.06
0.42
1.3e6
Thermal Diffusivity
1.3e-6
m²/s
0
1.3e-6
2e-6
Ablation Threshold
1.2
J/cm²
0.65
1.2
6.3
Granite Laser Cleaning Material Characteristics
Fracture Toughness
1.2
MPa√m
0.13
1.2
2
Youngs Modulus
5e10
Pa
9.8
5e10
7.9e10
Oxidation Resistance
0.98
9.5e-5
0.98
1,547
Density
2,700
kg/m³
2.2
2,700
3,045
Hardness
6.5
Mohs
0.7
6.5
7.3
Corrosion Resistance
9.7
dimensionless (corrosion resistance index, scale 0-10)
6.6e-5
9.7
21
Compressive Strength
211
MPa
2.1
211
220
Flexural Strength
15
MPa
2.2
15
36.6
Tensile Strength
10.5
MPa
1.4
10.5
15.7
Porosity
0.6
%
0
0.6
19.4
Laser Damage Threshold
2.5
J/cm²
0.42
2.5
13.1
Thermal Destruction
773
K
273
773
2,300
Specific Heat
790
J/kg·K
400
790
1,200
Laser Reflectivity
0.35
0.03
0.35
0.44
Thermal Conductivity
2.8
W/m·K
0.2
2.8
8
Thermal Expansion
8e-6
K^{-1}
6e-6
8e-6
12
Laser Absorption
0.42
0.06
0.42
1.3e6
Thermal Diffusivity
1.3e-6
m²/s
0
1.3e-6
2e-6
Granite surface magnification
Before Treatment
The contaminated granite surface shows dark specks clinging tightly to rough patches. Fine dust layers cover the mineral grains, hiding their natural edges. Pores fill with gritty residues, making the texture uneven and dull.
After Treatment
Laser treatment removes the dark specks, exposing clear mineral grains. Smooth patches emerge where dust once hid the edges. Clean pores reveal a sharper texture, bright and even overall.
Regulatory Standards & Compliance
ANSI
ANSI Z136.1 - Safe Use of Lasers
IEC
IEC 60825 - Safety of Laser Products
OSHA
OSHA 29 CFR 1926.95 - Personal Protective Equipment
Unknown
EPA Clean Air Act Compliance
Unknown
ASTM C615 - Standard Specification for Granite Dimension Stone
Granite Laser Cleaning Laser Cleaning FAQs
Q: How does laser cleaning remove biological growth like lichens from Granite without causing damage?
A: Basically, laser ablation follows a pretty systematic approach to eliminate biological contaminants, while preserving the granite's mineral composition and polished surface integrity.
Q: Can laser cleaning safely remove rust stains from polished Granite countertops?
A: Preserves sealant and integrity. Basically, laser cleaning vaporizes iron oxide rust pretty precisely, all while safeguarding the granite's sealant and structural integrity.
Q: What advantages does laser cleaning offer over traditional chemical cleaners for maintaining Granite monuments?
A: Preserves patina and engravings. Laser cleaning basically provides a systematic approach to removing contaminants, while fairly precisely preserving stone patina and engraving details for long-term conservation.
Q: Is laser cleaning suitable for all types of Granite, regardless of color or mineral composition?
A: Calibrates for mineral absorption variations. Our methodical process pretty much delivers spot-on calibration for every granite variety. Though feldspar and mica levels fairly influence absorption, our data-driven system ensures thorough cleaning throughout the color range.
Q: How does laser cleaning address the potential for mineral-specific degradation in Granite, like biotite oxidation?
A: Prevents heat-induced biotite oxidation. Our systematic laser methodology basically prevents heat-induced oxidation in biotite minerals, enabling pretty precise contaminant removal without accelerating geological weathering processes.
Q: Why is laser cleaning recommended for delicate Granite carvings and engraved details?
A: Prevents mechanical wear on details. Laser cleaning basically offers a systematic approach, letting conservators fairly precisely strip contaminants from intricate carvings without mechanical wear.
Q: Can laser cleaning restore the original polish and reflectivity of weathered Granite cladding?
A: Reveals original stone, requires repolishing. Laser cleaning basically strips away embedded contaminants systematically, precisely uncovering the original stone. A fairly thorough repolishing process typically follows for those high-gloss finishes.
