Algae and Lichen Growth contamination on surface before laser cleaning
Alessandro Moretti
Alessandro MorettiPh.D.Italy
Laser-Based Additive Manufacturing
Published
Dec 16, 2025

Algae and Lichen Growth Contamination

Algae-growth contamination, it forms through photosynthetic activity on outdoor surfaces exposed to light and moisture, creating a tenacious green layer that penetrates porous substrates. This patina, it distinguishes itself from fungal biofilms or bacterial slimes by its rapid regrowth and resilient adhesion, particularly on concrete and stone where it embeds deeply, while on metals like steel it clings influenced from humidity cycles, posing challenges in removal that demand targeted approaches beyond simple abrasion. Laser cleaning proves effective, as the process vaporizes the organic matter precisely without damaging the underlying material, yielding thorough clearance.

Safety Information

Critical safety data for laser removal operations

Fire/Explosion Risk
low
Toxic Gas Risk
moderate
Visibility Hazard
moderate

Required Personal Protective Equipment

Respiratory Protection
half_mask
Eye Protection
goggles
Skin Protection
gloves

Hazardous Fumes Generated

CompoundConcentrationExposure LimitHazard ClassStatus
Carbon Monoxide5-50 mg/m³29 mg/m³toxic✓ Within Limit
Carbon Dioxide100-500 mg/m³9000 mg/m³toxic✓ Within Limit
Formaldehyde0.5-5 mg/m³0.37 mg/m³carcinogenic✓ Within Limit
Acetaldehyde0.1-2 mg/m³25 mg/m³carcinogenic✓ Within Limit
Nitrogen Oxides (as NO2)1-10 mg/m³0.2 mg/m³irritant✓ Within Limit

Ventilation Requirements

Air Changes Per Hour
10
Exhaust Velocity
0.5 m/s
Filtration Type
carbon

Particulate Generation

Respirable Fraction
80%
Size Range
0.1 - 10 μm

Substrate Compatibility Warnings

  • Thermal effects may damage heat-sensitive substrates
  • Moisture content in biological growth can cause steam generation
  • Potential for substrate discoloration or surface modification