Paint Primer Layers contamination on surface before laser cleaning
Yi-Chun Lin
Yi-Chun LinPh.D.Taiwan
Laser Materials Processing
Published
Dec 16, 2025

Paint Primer Layers Contamination

Primer-coating contamination forms when zinc-rich and epoxy-based layers degrade on metal surfaces after environmental exposure, creating adhesive buildup that bonds tightly to substrate. Unlike rust, which flakes loosely, this contamination exhibits sticky resilience and uneven thickness, so it distinguishes by requiring targeted removal to avoid surface scarring. On steel, adhesion persists strongly while on aluminum and galvanized metal, peeling occurs faster because of weaker interfacial links, yet challenges arise from potential heat-induced cracking during cleaning. Laser cleaning succeeds so because focused pulses vaporize coating selectively, preserving underlying material integrity.

Safety Information

Critical safety data for laser removal operations

Fire/Explosion Risk
low
Toxic Gas Risk
moderate
Visibility Hazard
moderate

Required Personal Protective Equipment

Respiratory Protection
half_mask
Eye Protection
goggles
Skin Protection
gloves

Hazardous Fumes Generated

CompoundConcentrationExposure LimitHazard ClassStatus
Carbon Monoxide5-50 mg/m³29 mg/m³toxic✓ Within Limit
Carbon Dioxide900-5000 mg/m³9000 mg/m³toxic✓ Within Limit
Formaldehyde0.5-5.0 mg/m³0.37 mg/m³carcinogenic✓ Within Limit
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)10-100 mg/m³100 mg/m³irritant✓ Within Limit
Hydrogen Chloride1-10 mg/m³2 mg/m³corrosive✓ Within Limit

Ventilation Requirements

Air Changes Per Hour
10
Exhaust Velocity
0.5 m/s
Filtration Type
carbon

Particulate Generation

Respirable Fraction
70%
Size Range
0.1 - 10 μm

Substrate Compatibility Warnings

  • Thermal decomposition may generate hazardous fumes from paint additives
  • Chlorinated compounds in some primers may produce corrosive gases
  • Heavy metal pigments (lead, chromium) may become airborne