FDA
FDA 21 CFR 1040.10 - Laser Product Performance Standards
Yi-Chun LinPh.D.Taiwan
Laser Materials ProcessingPublished
Dec 11, 2025
Titanium Alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) Laser Cleaning
Laser cleaning parameters and specifications for Titanium Alloy (Ti-6Al-4V)
Laser-Material Interaction
Thermal Diffusivity
0.29
×10^{-5} m²/s
0.06
0.29
174
Thermal Destruction
1,933
K
256
1,933
3,859
Laser Absorption
0.45
0.02
0.45
4.2e8
Laser Damage Threshold
2.5
J/cm²
0.27
2.5
1.6e4
Ablation Threshold
1.1
J/cm²
0.09
1.1
4.3
Thermal Expansion
8.6e-6
K^{-1}
4e-6
8.6e-6
31.7
Specific Heat
523
J/(kg·K)
43.4
523
1,905
Thermal Conductivity
6.7
W/m·K
7.4
6.7
450
Laser Reflectivity
0.65
dimensionless (fraction)
0.4
0.65
73.5
Vapor Pressure
3.8
Pa
0
3.8
1.1e5
Thermal Destruction Point
1,660
°C
133
1,660
3,865
Absorption Coefficient
5e7
m^{-1}
5.9e5
5e7
9.9e7
Thermal Shock Resistance
637
K
6.7
637
3.8e5
Reflectivity
0.4
fraction
0.35
0.4
1
Absorptivity
0.36
0.02
0.36
0.6
Titanium Alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) Laser Cleaning Material Characteristics
Density
4.4
g/cm³
1.7
4.4
9,408
Porosity
0
%
0
0
15
Surface Roughness
0.8
μm
0.02
0.8
6.6
Tensile Strength
900
MPa
3
900
3,000
Youngs Modulus
114
GPa
10.4
114
2e11
Hardness
3.5
GPa
0.2
3.5
3,500
Flexural Strength
950
MPa
11.4
950
2,897
Oxidation Resistance
7
μm/year
-554
7
1,762
Corrosion Resistance
0.85
mm/year
-1.1
0.85
1.1e6
Compressive Strength
900
MPa
8
900
2,625
Fracture Toughness
110
MPa m^{1/2}
0.67
110
157
Electrical Resistivity
1.7e-7
Ω·m
0
1.7e-7
2e-6
Electrical Conductivity
5.8e5
S/m
6.6e5
5.8e5
6.6e7
Boiling Point
3,588
K
929
3,588
6,454
Melting Point
1,632
°C
133
1,632
3,865
Titanium Alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) surface magnification
Before Treatment
We've found the contaminated surface on this titanium alloy shows heavy buildup. Dark spots and uneven layers cover the base material completely. Scratches and debris make the texture look rough and cluttered.
After Treatment
After laser treatment, the surface appears smooth and uniform. We see no remaining spots or layers now. The clean material shines evenly under magnification.
Regulatory Standards & Compliance
ANSI
ANSI Z136.1 - Safe Use of Lasers
Titanium Alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) Laser Cleaning Laser Cleaning FAQs
Q: [How do I avoid overheating when laser cleaning Ti-6Al-4V parts?
A: I've seen overheating ruin titanium surfaces during cleaning more than once. This alloy holds heat well but can warp if you push too hard. Keep pulses short and move the beam steadily to stay safe.
Q: [What's the best way to remove oxide layers from Ti-6Al-4V using lasers?
A: When cleaning titanium alloys, oxide layers come off cleanly compared to steels that pit easily. Start with lower power and scan slowly for even removal. This works best in a controlled atmosphere to prevent re-oxidation right away.
Q: [Why does Ti-6Al-4V sometimes show discoloration after laser cleaning?
A: Discoloration pops up on titanium because it reacts quickly with air during the process. I've found using a shielding gas helps cut that down and keeps the finish bright. Adjust your speed to match the beam focus for cleaner results.
